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| iso region = DE-HH | PLZ = 20001–21149, 22001–22769 | coordinates_display = title | latd = 53 | latm = 33 | lats = 55 | latNS = N | longd = 10 | longm = 00 | longs = 05 | longEW = E | date = August 2010 }} Hamburg (; , local pronunciation ; Low German/Low Saxon: ''Hamborg'' ), officially ''Freie und Hansestadt Hamburg''〔Constitution of Hamburg 〕 (Free and Hanseatic City of Hamburg), is the second largest city in Germany and the eighth largest city in the European Union.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Europe's largest cities )〕 It is also the thirteenth largest German state. Its population is over 1.7 million people, and the Hamburg Metropolitan Region (including parts of the neighbouring Federal States of Lower Saxony and Schleswig-Holstein) has more than 5 million inhabitants. The city is situated on the river Elbe. The official name reflects its history as a member of the medieval Hanseatic League, as a free imperial city of the Holy Roman Empire, a city-state, and one of the 16 states of Germany. Before the 1871 Unification of Germany, it was a fully sovereign state. Prior to the constitutional changes in 1919, the stringent civic republic was ruled by a class of hereditary grand burghers or Hanseaten. Hamburg is a transport hub and is an affluent city in Europe. It has become a media and industrial centre, with plants and facilities belonging to ''Airbus'', ''Blohm + Voss'' and ''Aurubis''. The radio and television broadcaster ''Norddeutscher Rundfunk'' and publishers such as ''Gruner + Jahr'' and ''Spiegel-Verlag'' are pillars of the important media industry in Hamburg. Hamburg has been an important financial centre for centuries, and is the seat of the world's second oldest bank, Berenberg Bank. The city is a notable tourist destination for both domestic and overseas visitors; it ranked 16th in the world for livability in 2015. The Speicherstadt was declared a World Heritage Site by the UNESCO in July 2015. ==Geography== Hamburg is on the southern point of the Jutland Peninsula, between Continental Europe to the south and Scandinavia to the north, with the North Sea to the west and the Baltic Sea to the north-east. It is on the River Elbe at its confluence with the Alster and Bille. The city centre is around the Binnenalster ("Inner Alster") and Außenalster ("Outer Alster"), both formed by damming the River Alster to create lakes. The island of Neuwerk and two small neighbouring islands Scharhörn and Nigehörn, in the Hamburg Wadden Sea National Park, are also part of Hamburg.〔Hamburg Wadden Sea National Park Act 〕 The neighbourhoods of Neuenfelde, Cranz, Francop and Finkenwerder are part of the ''Altes Land'' (old land) region, the largest contiguous fruit-producing region in Central Europe. Neugraben-Fischbek has Hamburg's highest elevation, the Hasselbrack at AMSL. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Hamburg」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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